Zeziphi Izinto Ezifunekayo Kwisakhiwo Sentsimbi Esemgangathweni Ophezulu?

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Isakhiwo sezakhiwo zentsimbisebenzisa intsimbi njengesakhiwo esiphambili esithwala umthwalo (njengeebhari, iintsika, kunye nee-trusses), zongezwa zizinto ezingathwali mthwalo ezifana nekhonkrithi kunye nezinto zodonga. Iingenelo eziphambili zentsimbi, ezinje ngamandla aphezulu, ulula, kunye nokuphinde isetyenziswe, zenze ukuba ibe yiteknoloji ephambili kuyilo lwezakhiwo zanamhlanje, ngakumbi kwizakhiwo ezinkulu, eziphakamileyo, kunye nezakhiwo zoshishino. Izakhiwo zentsimbi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumabala emidlalo, kwiiholo zemiboniso, kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo, kwiifektri, kwiibhulorho, nakwezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo.

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Iifom eziphambili zeZakhiwo

Uhlobo lwesakhiwo sesakhiwo sentsimbi kufuneka lukhethwe ngokwemisebenzi yesakhiwo (njengobubanzi, ukuphakama, kunye nomthwalo). Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zezi zilandelayo:

Ifom yoLwakhiwo Umgaqo oPhambili Imeko ezisebenzayo Ityala eliqhelekileyo
Ulwakhiwo lwesakhelo Yenziwe ngeemiqadi kunye neekholamu ezidityaniswe ngamakhonkco aqinileyo okanye axhonyiweyo ukwenza iifreyimu ezicwangcisiweyo, ezithwala imithwalo ethe nkqo kunye nemithwalo ethe tye (umoya, inyikima). Izakhiwo zeeofisi ezinemigangatho emininzi/ezinde, iihotele, iiflethi (ezihlala zinobude obuyi-≤ 100m). I-China World Trade Center Tower 3B (isakhelo esincinci)
Ulwakhiwo lweTruss Iqulathe amalungu athe tye (umz., intsimbi ye-engile, intsimbi engqukuva) eyenziwe yaba ziiyunithi eziziingxantathu. Isebenzisa uzinzo lweengxantathu ukuhambisa imithwalo, iqinisekisa ukusasazwa kwamandla okufanayo. Izakhiwo ezinkulu (ubude: 20-100m): iijimnasium, iiholo zemiboniso, iiworkshops zefektri. Uphahla lweNkundla yeSizwe (Indlwane yeentaka)
Ulwakhiwo lweSpace Truss/Lattice Shell Yenziwe ngamalungu amaninzi acwangciswe ngendlela eqhelekileyo (umz., oonxantathu abalinganayo, izikwere) kwigridi yendawo. Amandla asasazwa ngokwendawo, nto leyo evumela iindawo ezinkulu zokugubungela. Izakhiwo ezinkulu kakhulu (ubude: 50-200m): iiterminal zezikhululo zeenqwelo-moya, iziko leendibano. Uphahla lweSitishi sesi-2 seNqwelo-moya saseGuangzhou Baiyun
Ulwakhiwo lweSakhelo esiqinileyo sePortal Yenziwe ngeekholamu zesakhelo eziqinileyo kunye neebhari ukuze zenze isakhelo esimile okwesango. Iziseko zekholamu zihlala zixhonywe ngeehinji, zilungele ukuthwala imithwalo elula. Izityalo zoshishino ezinemigangatho enye, iindawo zokugcina impahla, amaziko okuthuthwa kwezinto (ubude: 10-30m). Indawo yokusebenzela yokuvelisa umzi-mveliso weemoto
Ulwakhiwo lweCable-Membrane Isebenzisa iintambo zentsimbi ezinamandla aphezulu (umz., iintambo zentsimbi ezigayiweyo) njengesakhelo esithwala umthwalo, esigqunywe zizinto eziguquguqukayo ze-membrane (umz., i-PTFE membrane), enezinto zokuhambisa ukukhanya kunye nezakhono ezinkulu. Izakhiwo zembonakalo yomhlaba, iijimnasium ezixhaswa ngumoya, iikhanopi zezikhululo zerhafu. IHolo yokudada yeZiko leMidlalo laseMpuma laseShanghai
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Izixhobo eziphambili

Intsimbi esetyenzisiweyo kwiizakhiwo zesakhiwo sentsimbikufuneka zikhethwe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zomthwalo wesakhiwo, imeko yokufakelwa, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko. Ngokuyintloko zahlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu: iipleyiti, iiprofayili, kunye neepayipi. Iindidi ezithile kunye neempawu zezi zilandelayo:

I. Iipleyiti:
1. Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezingqindilili
2. Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezibhityileyo neziphakathi
3. Iipleyiti zentsimbi ezenziwe ngeepateni

II. Iiprofayili:
(I) Iiprofayili eziqengqelekayo ezishushu: Zifanelekile kwiindawo eziphambili ezithwala umthwalo, zinika amandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina
1. Ii-I-beams (kuquka ii-H-beams)
2. Intsimbi yetshaneli (ii-C-beams)
3. Intsimbi ye-engile (ii-L-beams)
4. Intsimbi ethe tyaba
(II) Iiprofayili ezibhityileyo ezinodonga olubandayo: Zilungele izinto ezikhaphukhaphu nezibiyelweyo, zinika ubunzima obuphantsi
1. Imisebe ye-C eyenziwe ngobandayo
2. Iimitha ze-Z ezenziwe ngobandayo
3. Imibhobho yesikwere neyengxande eyenziwe ngobandayo

III. Iipayipi:
1. Imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo
2. Imibhobho yentsimbi edityanisiweyo
3. Imibhobho edibeneyo ejikelezayo
4. Imibhobho yentsimbi enemilo ekhethekileyo

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Ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi luluncedo

Amandla Aphezulu, Ubunzima Obukhaphukhaphu: Amandla okuxinana kunye nokuxinana kwentsimbi aphezulu kakhulu kunekhonkrithi (malunga nokuphindwe ka-5-10 kunekhonkrithi). Ngenxa yeemfuno ezifanayo zokuthwala umthwalo, izinto zesakhiwo sentsimbi zinokuba ncinci ngokwecandelo elinqamlezileyo kwaye zibe lula ngobunzima (malunga ne-1/3-1/5 kunezakhiwo zekhonkrithi).

Ulwakhiwo Olukhawulezileyo kunye noPhuhliso Oluphezulu lwezeShishini: Isakhiwo sentsimbiIzinto ezisetyenziswayo (ezifana nee-H-beams kunye neekholamu zebhokisi) zinokwenziwa ngendlela efanayo kwaye zenziwe kwiifektri ezichanekileyo ngokwezinga le-millimeter. Zifuna kuphela ukubethelwa okanye ukuwelda ukuze kuhlanganiswe kwindawo, nto leyo esusa isidingo sexesha lokunyibilika njengekhonkrithi.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kweSeismic: Intsimbi ibonakalisa ukuguguleka okugqwesileyo (oko kukuthi, inokonakala kakhulu xa ithwalwa ngaphandle kokuqhekeka ngequbuliso). Ngexesha leenyikima, izakhiwo zentsimbi zifunxa amandla ngokuguquguquka kwazo, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko wokuwa kwesakhiwo ngokubanzi.

Ukusetyenziswa kweNdawo ePhakamileyo: Amacandelo amancinci anqamlezileyo ezinto zesakhiwo sentsimbi (ezifana neekholamu zentsimbi eziziityhubhu kunye neebhanti ze-H ezimxinwa) zinciphisa indawo ehlala iindonga okanye iikholamu.

Ilungele okusingqongileyo kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwakhonaIntsimbi yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu xa kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokwakha (ngaphezulu kwe-90%). Izakhiwo zentsimbi ezidiliziweyo zinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwaye zisetyenziswe kwakhona, nto leyo enciphisa inkunkuma yokwakha.

Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-01-2025