Ukusetyenziswa kweenqwaba zesinyithi ezigoqwe ngobushushu ezimile okwe-U kwizakhiwo ezinkulu

Iipali zephepha ezimile okwe-U ziyimveliso entsha yetekhnoloji esandul’ ukungeniswa eNetherlands, eMzantsi-mpuma Asia nakwezinye iindawo. Ngoku zisetyenziswa kakhulu kulo lonke iPearl River Delta kunye neYangtze River Delta. Iindawo ezisetyenziswayo: imilambo emikhulu, ii-cofferdams zaselwandle, umgaqo womlambo ophakathi, ukwakhiwa kwemigodi yesiseko, Iindlela ezinkulu, iibhulorho, iiprojekthi zikamasipala kunye nokwakhiwa kwakhona kwechweba lolwandle kwinqanaba lesithathu.
Intshayelelo kwiingenelo zokusetyenziswa kweenqwaba zephepha ezimile okwe-U:
1. Icandelo elikhulu lokugcina. Inqwaba yekhonkrithi exineneyo enomfanekiso we-U, ubude becandelo lokugcina inqwaba enye bufikelela kwimitha e-1, nto leyo ekude kakhulu kwiinqwaba zephepha zemveli kunye neentlobo zeenqwaba eziqhelekileyo ezilungiselelwe kwangaphambili.
2. Uhlobo lwesakhiwo soxinzelelo oluphakathi kwecandelo luhle kakhulu. Uyilo lwesakhiwo oluphakathi kwecandelo olunemilo engu-U lwamkelwe ukwandisa ukuphakama okuphakathi kwecandelo kunye nomzuzu wokungakhathali, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ukusebenza koxinzelelo lwesakhiwo.
3. Iingenelo zoqoqosho zicacile. Isakhiwo esimile okwe-U siyasetyenziswa, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani bekhonkrithi esetyenziswa kolu hlobo lwenqwaba xa kuthelekiswa neenqwaba zephepha eziqhelekileyo kubude obufanayo. Kwangaxeshanye, inqwaba yephepha enomfanekiso we-U isebenzisa uyilo lwesakhiwo esixineneyo, olunciphisa kakhulu iimfuno zoxinzelelo kunye nokuqinisa ngesiseko sokuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuqinisa uxinzelelo lwesakhiwo. Ubungakanani bokuqinisa kwisakhiwo buyanda kwaye iindleko ziyancitshiswa. Kwangaxeshanye, ububanzi bomhlaba obugcina le nqwaba enye yohlobo lwenqwaba bufikelela kwimitha e-1, nto leyo ekude kakhulu kuhlobo lwenqwaba eqhelekileyo. Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezingentla, ixabiso leenqwaba zekhonkrithi ezinomfanekiso we-U liphantsi malunga ne-30% kuneenqwaba zephepha eziqhelekileyo zemveli, ezineenzuzo ezilungileyo kwezoqoqosho.
4. Uhlobo lwemodeli. Iintlobo zeepali zekhonkrithi ezifakwe imilo engu-U zinokukhethwa ngokulula ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeprojekthi ngokwamkela ubude obahlukeneyo becandelo, iifom zokuqinisa, ubungakanani bokuqinisa kunye nobude beepali ngokweemfuno zokusebenza koomatshini bohlobo lweepali. Ukufezekisa ukwenziwa ngcono kwesakhiwo secandelo elinqamlezileyo kunye nokwandisa iingenelo zoqoqosho.
5. Ixesha lokwakha lifutshane. Iipali zekhonkrithi ezifakwe u-U ezifakwe u-U zisebenzisa indlela yokwakhiwa kwangaphambili eyenziwe ngumzi-mveliso, kwaye indawo yokwakha yenziwe ngoomatshini ukwakha udonga lweepali zekhonkrithi, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokwakha xa ithelekiswa neendlela zemveli.
6. Itekhnoloji yokwakha, uluhlu olubanzi lwejoloji olusebenzayo, kunye noluhlu oluhle lweendawo emva kokwenziwa kweenqwaba