Ubume bangoku boPhuhliso lweNtsimbi emile okwe-H
Kumhlaba osoloko uguquguquka wobunjineli bebhulorho, utshintsho olukhulu luyaqhubeka kunye nokusetyenziswa okutsha kweIiprofayili ze-H-beam. Iinjineli kunye namaqela okwakha kulo lonke ishishini ngoku asebenzisa iipropathi ezizodwa zeH-umqadiiiprofayili, zidibaniswe noyilo oluphezulu lwe-lightweight, ukunyusa ngokubonakalayo umthamo wokuthwala i-structural load-bearing capacity of bridges-marking a new time of effectiveness , ukhuseleko, kunye nokuzinza kuphuhliso lweziseko zophuhliso.
Intshayelelo kunye neenzuzo zentsimbi emise okwe-H
Iiprofayili ze-H-beam, ezaziwa ngokwahlukileyo "H" ezimilise okwecandelwana elinqamlezayo, sele ziqatshelwe ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo koomatshini. Ngokungafaniyoiiprofayili zentsimbi zemvelinjengee-I-beams, ii-H-beams zibandakanya iiflange eziphezulu kunye nezantsi ezidityaniswe yi-web engqingqwa, ekhokelela kulwabiwo olulungeleleneyo lwamandla. Le nzuzo yolwakhiwo ivumela imiqadi ye-H ukuba ixhathise ukugoba kunye ne-torsion ngokufanelekileyo, ibenze ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kumacandelo athwele umthwalo kwiiprojekthi zebhulorho. Nangona kunjalo, kukudityaniswa kwemigaqo yoyilo olukhaphukhaphu oluvule amandla abo apheleleyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje.
"Kwiminyaka emashumi, iinjineli zebhuloho zijongene nokurhweba: ukunyusa umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo, sasihlala kufuneka sandise ubunzima kunye nomthamo wensimbi esetyenzisiweyo, ephakamisa iindleko zokwakha, ixesha elide leprojekthi, kunye noxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kwizakhiwo zesiseko," kuchaza uDkt. Elena Carter, injineli ephezulu yezakhiwo kwi-Global Infrastructure Innovations (GII), inkampani ehamba phambili ekuyilweni kwebhulorho kunye nokwakhiwa. “Ngeeprofayili ze-H-beam kunye noyilo olukhaphukhaphu, siye saluphanzisa olo rhwebo. Ngokulungisa imilinganiselo enqamlezileyo ye-H-beams-ukunciphisa imathiriyeli engeyomfuneko kwiindawo ezingabalulekanga ngelixa siqinisa iindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu-sidale izakhiwo ezikhaphukhaphu kodwa ezikwaziyo ukuphatha imithwalo enzima.
Ziziphi iingenelo zoyilo olukhaphukhaphu lwentsimbi emile okwe-H?
“Uyilo olukhaphukhaphu lwemiqadi ye-H alukhange luphucule umthamo womthwalo; luguqule yonke inkqubo yokwakha,” utshilo uMark Torres, umphathi weprojekthi yeWest River Crossing Bridge. “Iinxalenye ezikhaphukhaphu zazithetha ukuba sinokusebenzisa iikhreyini ezincinane, sinciphise inani lohambo lokuya kufuna izinto zothutho, size sikhawulezise ukuhlanganisana esizeni.” Lo msebenzi wagqitywa kwiiveki ezintathu ngaphambi kwexesha elicwangcisiweyo, yaye songa iindleko zokwakha ezimalunga ne-R1,5 yezigidi.
Ngaphandle kweendleko kunye neenzuzo ezisebenzayo, ukusetyenziswa okutsha kweeprofayili ze-H-beam kubunjineli bebhulorho nako kunegalelo kwiinjongo zozinzo. Ngokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi, iiprojekthi ezifana neWest River Crossing Bridge zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ehambelana nokuveliswa kwentsimbi-into ephambili kwiinzame zehlabathi zokunciphisa utshintsho lwemozulu. Ukongezelela, uyilo olulula lunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yeziseko zebhulorho, njengoko ukugrumba okuncinci kunye nekhonkrithi kuyadingeka ukuxhasa isakhiwo, ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwi-ecosystems yendawo.
Uphuhliso lwexesha elizayo lwentsimbi emise okwe-H
Iingcali zoshishino ziqikelela ukuba le ndlela iza kuqhubeka ukuba namandla njengoko iiprojekthi zeziseko ezingundoqo kwihlabathi jikelele zibeka phambili ukomelela nozinzo. I-International Association of Bridge and Structural Engineers (IABSE) kutshanje ikhuphe ingxelo ephawula okoIiprofayili ze-H-beam ezinoyilo olukhaphukhaphukulindeleke ukuba zisetyenziswe kwi-45% yeeprojekthi zebhulorho ephakathi ukuya kwenkulu ngo-2028, ukusuka kwi-15% kuphela ngo-2020.
"Iibhuloho zisisiseko sothutho lwezothutho, kwaye ukusebenza kwazo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uqoqosho kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla," wongezelela uDkt Carter. "Ukusetyenziswa okutsha kweeprofayili ze-H-beam akusiyo nje intuthuko yobugcisa-sisisombululo esijongene nemingeni enzima kakhulu yoshishino: ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nozinzo. Njengoko siqhubeka nokucokisa ubuchule bokuyila obulula kwaye siphuhlise izixhobo ze-H-beam ezinobukhulu obuphezulu, siya kukwazi ukwakha iibhulorho ezihlakaniphile, ezihlala ixesha elide, kunye neemfuno ezilungele isizukulwana esizayo."
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Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-02-2025