Iindaba - Inkqubo yokuvelisa imibhobho yentsimbi ethambileyo: Inkqubo engqongqo yokuphosa imibhobho ekumgangatho ophezulu

Kwimveliso yanamhlanje yemizi-mveliso, imibhobho yentsimbi ethambileyo isetyenziswa kakhulu ekunikezelweni kwamanzi, ekutsaleni amanzi, ekudluliseleni igesi nakwezinye iindawo ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho ophezulu kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kwemibhobho yentsimbi ethambileyo, inkqubo yabo yemveliso kufuneka ilawulwe ngokungqongqo kwaye icutshungulwe kakuhle. Ukususela ekulungisweni nasekufakweni kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, ukuya ekuphosweni kwe-centrifugal, ukuqhoboshelwa, kunye neenkqubo zokugqiba ezifana nokutshiza i-zinc, ukugaya, uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic, i-lining yesamente kunye nokutshiza i-asphalt, yonke ikhonkco ibalulekile. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa inkqubo yemveliso yeUmbhobho wentsimbi ephoswe nge-Ductilengokweenkcukacha, kwaye ubonise indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba umbhobho ngamnye unokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe kunye neemfuno zokusetyenziswa ngokoqobo ngokusebenzisa ulawulo lwesayensi kunye neendlela zobugcisa eziphambili, kwaye unikezele ngeziqinisekiso zeziseko zophuhliso ezithembekileyo kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo zobunjineli.

1. Ukulungiswa kweNsimbi eTyhidiweyo
Ukulungiswa kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kunye ne-Spheroidization: Khetha intsimbi yehagu esetyenziswa ekuphoseni esemgangathweni ophezulu njengezinto eziluhlaza, njengentsimbi yehagu esetyenziswa ekuphoseni ekumgangatho ophezulu, eneempawu ze-P ephantsi, i-S ephantsi, kunye ne-Ti ephantsi. Ngokweenkcazo zobubanzi bombhobho oza kuveliswa, izinto ezisetyenziswa ekuphoseni ezihambelanayo zongezwa kwi-oven yombane ye-medium frequency, eguqula intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo kwaye iyifudumeze kubushushu obufunekayo yinkqubo, ize yongeze i-agent ye-spheroidizing ye-spheroidization.
Ulawulo loMgangatho we-Iron eshushu: Kwinkqubo yokulungiselela isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo, umgangatho kunye nobushushu bekhonkco ngalinye kulawulwa ngokungqongqo. Isithando somlilo ngasinye kunye nengxowa nganye yesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kufuneka zihlalutywe yi-direct reading spectrometer ukuqinisekisa ukuba isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo siyahlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokubumba.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa imibhobho ye-Ductile cast

2. Ukuphosa iCentrifugal
I-Metal Mold Centrifuge Casting epholiswe ngamanzi: I-centrifuge yesinyithi epholiswe ngamanzi isetyenziselwa ukuphosa. Isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo esinobushushu obuphezulu sihlala sigalelwa kwi-mold yepayipi ejikelezayo ngesantya esiphezulu. Phantsi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal, isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo sisasazwa ngokulinganayo eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwe-mold yepayipi, kwaye isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo siqina ngokukhawuleza ngokupholisa amanzi ukuze senze ipayipi yesinyithi esithambileyo. Emva kokuba ukuphosa kugqityiwe, ipayipi enyibilikisiweyo ihlolwa ngoko nangoko kwaye ilinganiswe iziphene zokuphosa ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wepayipi nganye.
Unyango lwe-Annealing: AbadlaliUmbhobho wentsimbiEmva koko ifakwa kwisithando somlilo esitsalwayo ukuze kulungiswe ukutsalwa koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluvela ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphosa kunye nokuphucula ulwakhiwo lwe-metallographic kunye neempawu zoomatshini zombhobho.
Uvavanyo Lokusebenza: Emva kokutsalwa, umbhobho wesinyithi othambileyo uphantsi koluhlu lovavanyo oluqinileyo lokusebenza, kubandakanya uvavanyo lokutsalwa, uvavanyo lokubonakala, uvavanyo lokuthamba, uvavanyo lokuqina, uvavanyo lwe-metallographic, njl. Iipayipi ezingahlangabezani neemfuno ziya kulahlwa kwaye aziyi kungena kwinkqubo elandelayo.

3. Ukugqiba
Ukutshiza iZinc: Umbhobho wesinyithi othambileyo uphathwa nge-zinc ngokusebenzisa umatshini wokutshiza wombane osebenza ngamandla aphezulu. Umaleko we-zinc unokwenza ifilimu ekhuselayo kumphezulu wombhobho ukuphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kombhobho.
Ukusila: AbafanelekileyoUmbhobho wokukhupha amanzi wentsimbi e-DuctileZithunyelwa kwisikhululo sesithathu sokusila ukuze zihlolwe inkangeleko, kwaye isokhethi, i-spigot kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho ngamnye ziyacocwa kwaye zicocwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu wombhobho uthambile kwaye ugqityiwe kwaye utywinwe.
Uvavanyo lwe-Hydrostatic: Imibhobho elungisiweyo ivavanywa nge-hydrostatic, kwaye uxinzelelo lovavanyo luphezulu nge-10kg/cm² kunomgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe we-ISO2531 kunye nomgangatho waseYurophu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imibhobho inokumelana noxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olwaneleyo kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zoxinzelelo xa isetyenziswa ngokwenene.
Ilayini yesamente: Udonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho lugqunywe ngesamente nge-centrifugally ngumatshini we-lining wesamente oneziteshi ezimbini. Udaka lwesamente olusetyenzisiweyo luye lwahlolwa ngokungqongqo umgangatho kunye nolawulo lomlinganiselo. Yonke inkqubo yokugqunywa ilawulwa yikhompyutha ukuqinisekisa ukufana komgangatho kunye nokuzinza kwe-lining yesamente. Iipayipi ezigqunywe ngesamente ziyanyangwa njengoko kufuneka ukuze ziqinise ngokupheleleyo i-lining yesamente.
Ukutshiza ngeAsphalt: Iipayipi ezicociweyo ziqala zifudunyezwe phezu komhlaba, emva koko i-asphalt itshizwa ngesitshizi esizenzekelayo esinezitishi ezimbini. Ingubo ye-asphalt inyusa ngakumbi amandla okulwa nokugqwala kweepayipi kwaye yandisa ubomi benkonzo yeepayipi.
Uhlolo lokugqibela, ukuPakisha kunye noGcino: Iipayipi ezitshizwe nge-asphalt zihlolwa okokugqibela. Ziipayipi ezifanelekileyo ngokupheleleyo kuphela ezinokutshizwa ngamachaphaza, emva koko zipakishwe kwaye zigcinwe njengoko kufuneka, zilinde ukuthunyelwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukuze zisetyenziswe.