Kutshanje, amaxabiso eentsimbi ezixabisekileyo ezifana ne-aluminiyam nobhedu eUnited States anyuke kakhulu. Olu tshintsho luvuselele amaza kurhwebo lwehlabathi olufana namaza, kwaye luzise nexesha elinqabileyo lesahlulo kwimakethi ye-aluminiyam yaseTshayina kunye nobhedu. I-Aluminiyam, njengento esisiseko ekrwada ehlala kwindawo ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwesizwe, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo ezifana nobunzima obulula, ukuthungwa okunamandla, ukuhanjiswa okulungileyo kunye nokuguquguquka okunamandla kwe-thermal.Iipleyiti zeAluminiyam, iityhubhu aluminiyamkunye ne-aluminiyamiikhoyili, njengamasebe abalulekileyo eemveliso ze-aluminium, aphinde atsala ingqalelo enkulu kule aluminium kunye ne-copper market boom. Okulandelayo, makhe sijonge nzulu kwezi ntlobo zintathu zeemveliso.
Ityhubhu yeAluminiyam: ilula, ayinyangeki kumhlwa, kwaye iyaguquguquka
Imibhobho yeAluminiyamluhlobo lwetyhubhu yentsimbi engekhoyo. Yimathiriyeli yesinyithi ye-tubular eyenziwe nge-aluminiyam ecocekileyo okanye i-aluminium alloy ngokusebenzisa i-extrusion kwaye ayinamngxuma kunye nobude bayo bonke ubude. Inokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu ivalwe ngemingxuma, kwaye ubukhulu bodonga kunye ne-cross-section zifana kwaye zihambelana. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhanjiswa kumgca ochanekileyo okanye kumqulu.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuhlela iityhubhu ze-aluminium. Ngokwemilo, inokwahlulwa ibe yimibhobho yesikwere, iityhubhu ezijikelezileyo, iibhubhu ezinomfanekiso, kunye neetyhubhu ezikhethekileyo; ngokwendlela ye-extrusion, kukho iityhubhu ze-aluminium ezingenamthungo kunye neetyhubhu eziqhelekileyo ezikhutshiweyo; ngokuchaneka, yahlulwe kwiityhubhu eziqhelekileyo ze-aluminium kunye neetyhubhu ze-aluminium ezichanekileyo; ngokobukhulu, kukho iityhubhu eziqhelekileyo ze-aluminiyam kunye neetyhubhu ze-aluminiyam ezibhityileyo. Iityhubhu ze-aluminiyam ziyamelana nomhlwa kwaye zikhaphukhaphu ngobunzima, kwaye zineempawu ezibalaseleyo zokugoba kwaye kulula ukuzifaka nokuzihambisa.
Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, iityhubhu ze-aluminium zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimoto, iinqanawa, i-aerospace, inqwelomoya, izixhobo zombane, ezolimo, i-electromechanical, ifanitshala yasekhaya kunye namanye amashishini. Ngokomzekelo, kwiimoto kunye neenqwelo-moya, iibhubhu ze-aluminium zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa imibhobho eyahlukeneyo kunye neengxenye zesakhiwo ngenxa yobunzima bokukhanya kunye namandla aphezulu. Kwishishini le-air conditioning, iibhubhu ze-aluminium zidlala indima ebalulekileyo njengeetyhubhu ezidibanisayo, kwaye zineenzuzo ezibalulekileyo kwi-teknoloji ye-welding, ubomi benkonzo kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla.
Ipleyiti yeAluminiyam: imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa okubanzi
Iishiti zeAluminiyamyimveliso ye-aluminiyam eyenziwe ngeplate eyenziwe ngoluhlu lweenkqubo ezifana nokuqengqeleka kunye nokukhutshwa kwee-ingots ze-aluminiyam ngokusebenzisa iindlela zeplastiki. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kokugqibela kweplate, imveliso egqityiweyo kufuneka iqhutywe nge-annealing, unyango oluqinileyo lwesisombululo kunye nezinye iinkqubo.
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga, iipleyiti ze-aluminiyam zahlulwe ngokweendidi ezineenkcukacha ngokwe-alloy element, iteknoloji yokucubungula, ubukhulu kunye nokumila komphezulu. Ngokutsho umxholo izinto ingxubevange, inokohlulwa ibe kuthotho eziliqela, ezifana 1× × × series ipleyiti aluminiyam esulungekileyo ishishini, 2××× series aluminiyam-ubhedu ingxubevange ipleyiti aluminiyam, njl. Inkqubo yemveliso ilula kwaye ixabiso liyafikeleleka. Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini aqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-aluminium plate ye-1050 isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweemfuno zemihla ngemihla, i-heat sinks kunye nezinye iimveliso; I-2 × × i-series aluminium plates inobunzima obuphezulu kunye nomxholo wobhedu malunga ne-3-5%. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwindawo ye-aerospace. Umzekelo, iipleyiti ze-aluminiyam zika-2024 zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwezixhobo zenqwelomoya.
Ngokutsho kweteknoloji yokucubungula, iipleyiti ze-aluminium zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacwecwe e-aluminiyam abandayo kunye namacwecwe e-aluminiyam ashushu; ngokobukhulu, zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacwecwe amancinci kunye namacwecwe aphakathi; ngokwemilo yomphezulu, zinokwahlulwa zibe ziipleyiti ezisicaba kunye neepatheni zealuminiyam. Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo, iipleyiti ze-aluminiyam zinokubonwa kuyo yonke indawo, ukusuka kwizibane zokukhanyisa, izibonisi zelanga, ukuya kwisakhiwo sangaphandle, ukuhombisa ngaphakathi, ukuya kwi-aerospace kunye namabala omkhosi, iipleyiti ze-aluminiyam zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu.
Ikhoyili yeAluminiyam: Isixhobo esibalulekileyo kwizicelo zamashishini
Ikhoyili yeAluminiyamyimveliso yentsimbi esetyenziselwa ukucheba okubhabhayo emva kokuqengqeleka nokugotywa ngelitye lokusila. Iikhoyili ze-aluminiyam zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-electronics, ukupakishwa, ukwakhiwa, oomatshini kunye namanye amashishini.
Ngokwezinto ezahlukeneyo zetsimbi eziqulethwe, iikhoyili ze-aluminium zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-9 series. Iikhoyili ze-aluminium ze-1000 zinomxholo ophezulu we-aluminium kwaye zifikeleleke, kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini aqhelekileyo; Iikhoyili ze-aluminium ze-2000 zinobunzima obuphezulu kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwintsimi ye-aviation; Iikhoyili ze-aluminium ze-3000 zinomsebenzi olungileyo wokuchasana nomhlwa kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezifumileyo ezifana ne-air conditioners kunye neefriji; Iikhoyili ze-5000 ze-aluminiyam ziyi-aluminiyam-i-magnesium alloys ezinoxinano oluphantsi kunye namandla aphezulu okuqina, kwaye zisetyenziswa kuzo zombini iinqwelomoya kunye namashishini aqhelekileyo.
Xa kusetyenzwa iikhoyili ze-aluminium, ekubeni i-silicon inefuthe elibi kwi-carbide ene-cemented, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ngokuhambelana nomxholo we-silicon. Xa umxholo we-silicon udlula i-8%, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise izixhobo zedayimane; xa umxholo we-silicon uphakathi kwe-8% kunye ne-12%, zombini izixhobo ze-carbide ze-cemented kunye ne-diamond zinokusetyenziswa, kodwa xa usebenzisa izixhobo ze-carbide ze-cemented, izixhobo eziye zacutshungulwa ngendlela ye-PVD, aziqukethe izinto ze-aluminium, kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe ifilimu encinci.
Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yangoku yokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwe-aluminium kunye namaxabiso obhedu e-United States kunye nexesha lebhonasi ye-aluminium yaseTshayina kunyeubheduImarike, ipleyiti ye-aluminiyam, ityhubhu ye-aluminiyam, kunye nemizi-mveliso ye-coil ye-aluminiyam nazo zingenise amathuba amatsha ophuhliso. Kwelinye icala, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuzise indawo yenzuzo eyongezelelekileyo kumashishini; kwelinye icala, kunye nenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yesayensi kunye nobuchwepheshe kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwamashishini ahlukeneyo, imfuno yeepleyiti ze-aluminium, iityhubhu ze-aluminium, kunye neekhoyili ze-aluminiyam nazo ziyanda, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisakhulayo ezifana namandla amatsha kunye ne-aerospace.
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka siqaphele ukuba ukuguquguquka kweemarike kunye nokungaqiniseki kusekho. Amaxabiso e-aluminiyam achatshazelwa yimiba emininzi, efana nemeko yezoqoqosho yehlabathi, imigaqo-nkqubo kunye nemimiselo, kunye nokubonelela kunye nokufunwa. Kuphuhliso lwexesha elizayo, amashishini kwipleyiti ye-aluminium, ityhubhu ye-aluminium kunye ne-aluminium coil amashishini kufuneka aqhubeke ephucula inqanaba labo lobugcisa kunye nokukwazi ukusungula izinto ezintsha, ukwandisa isakhiwo semveliso kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso ukuze ulungelelanise ngcono utshintsho lwemarike kunye nokuhlala kwindawo kukhuphiswano oluqatha lwemarike. Kwangaxeshanye, amashishini nawo kufuneka anike ingqwalaselo kutshintsho lwemarike, omeleze ulawulo lomngcipheko kwaye aphendule ngokufanelekileyo kwimingeni eziswa lutshintsho lwemarike.
QHAGAMSHELANA NATHI Ukufumana IINKCUKACHA EZINGAKUMBI
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Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-26-2025