1. Amandla aphezulu, Ubunzima obuKhanyayo:

Intsimbi inomlinganiselo ophezulu kakhulu wokuqina nobunzima. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokumelana nemithwalo emikhulu kakhulu ngelixa ilula kakhulu.

Xa kuthelekiswa nezakhiwo zekhonkrithi okanye zezakhiwo zomthi, izinto zentsimbi zinokuba ncinci kwaye zibe lula kumthwalo ofanayo.

Iingenelo: Ubunzima obuphantsi besakhiwo kunciphisa imithwalo yesiseko kunye neendleko zokulungiselela isiseko; kulula ukuthuthwa kunye nokuphakamisa; ifanelekile ngakumbi kwizakhiwo ezinkulu (ezifana neenkundla zemidlalo, iiholo zemiboniso, kunye nee-hangars zeenqwelo-moya), izakhiwo eziphakamileyo, kunye nezakhiwo eziphakamileyo kakhulu.

2. Ubuchule obuhle kunye nokuqina:

Intsimbi ine-ductility egqwesileyo (amandla okumelana nokuguqulwa kweplastiki enkulu ngaphandle kokuqhekeka) kunye nokuqina (amandla okufunxa amandla).

Inzuzo: Oku kunikaizakhiwo zentsimbi zibalaseleyoukumelana nokunyikima komhlaba. Phantsi kwemithwalo enamandla efana neenyikima zomhlaba, intsimbi inokufunxa amandla amaninzi ngokuguqulwa kwezinto, ithintele ukungaphumeleli okukhulu kokuqhekeka kwezinto kunye nokuthenga ixesha elibalulekileyo lokufuduka kunye nemizamo yokuhlangula.

3. Ukwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso:

Izinto zokwakha zentsimbi ziveliswa ikakhulu kwiifektri ezisemgangathweni nezisebenzisa oomatshini, nto leyo ebangela ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nomgangatho ohambelanayo, nolawulekayo.

Ukwakhiwa kwendawo kubandakanya ikakhulu umsebenzi owomileyo (ukubopha okanye ukuwelda), ongachaphazeleki kangako yimozulu.

Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zinokuhlanganiswa ngokukhawuleza xa sele zisiwe kwindawo, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokwakha.

Iingenelo: Ixesha lokwakha lifutshane kakhulu, iindleko zomsebenzi zinciphile, kwaye imbuyekezo yotyalo-mali iphucukile; umsebenzi omanzi ophantsi kwindawo yokusebenza, unobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo; kunye nomgangatho wokwakha othembekileyo ngakumbi.

4. Ukufana kwezinto eziphezulu kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu:

Intsimbi yinto eyenziwe ngumntu, kwaye iimpawu zayo zomzimba nezoomatshini (ezifana namandla kunye ne-elastic modulus) ziyafana kwaye zizinzile kunezo zezixhobo zendalo (ezifana nekhonkrithi kunye nomthi).

Itekhnoloji yokunyibilikisa yanamhlanje kunye nolawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili kokusebenza kwentsimbi.

Iingenelo: Iququzelela ukubalwa kunye noyilo oluchanekileyo, ukusebenza kolwakhiwo kuhambelana kakhulu neemodeli zethiyori, kwaye iindawo zokhuseleko zichazwe ngokucacileyo.

5.Ingasetyenziswa kwakhona kwaye inobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo:

Ekupheleni kwexesha lokuphila kwesakhiwo sentsimbi, intsimbi esetyenzisiweyo iphantse yaphinda yasetyenziswa, kwaye inkqubo yokurisayikilisha isebenzisa amandla amancinci kakhulu.

Imveliso esekwe kumzi-mveliso inciphisa inkunkuma yokwakha kwindawo, ingxolo, kunye nongcoliseko lothuli.

Iingenelo: Ihambelana nengcamango yophuhliso oluzinzileyo kwaye sisixhobo sokwakha esiluhlaza ngokwenene; inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.

6. Ukuqina kweplastiki okuhle:

Intsimbi inokuguquka kakhulu emva kokuba ifikelele kumandla ayo okuvelisa ngaphandle kokuncipha okubonakalayo kwamandla ayo.

Iingenelo: Phantsi kweemeko zokuxinana kakhulu, isakhiwo asiphazami ngoko nangoko, kodwa endaweni yoko sibonisa ukuguquguquka okubonakalayo (njengokujika kwendawo), okubonelela ngesilumkiso. Amandla angaphakathi anokusasazwa kwakhona, nto leyo ephucula ukuphindaphinda kwesakhiwo kunye nokhuseleko ngokubanzi.

7. Utywino Oluhle:

Izakhiwo zentsimbi ezidityanisiweyo zingavalwa ngokupheleleyo.

Iingenelo: Zilungele izakhiwo ezifuna umoya oqinileyo okanye ukungabi namanzi, ezifana neebhakethi zoxinzelelo (iitanki zokugcina ioyile negesi), imibhobho, kunye nezakhiwo ze-hydraulic.

8. Ukusetyenziswa kweNdawo ePhakamileyo:

Izixhobo zentsimbi zinobukhulu obuncinci obunqamlezileyo, nto leyo evumela ukuba kubekho ulwakhiwo lwegridi yeekholamu eziguquguqukayo ngakumbi.

Iingenelo: Ngommandla ofanayo wokwakha, inokubonelela ngendawo enkulu yokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo (ingakumbi kwizakhiwo ezinemigangatho emininzi neziphakamileyo).

9. Kulula ukuyilungisa nokuqinisa:

Izakhiwo zentsimbi kulula ukuzilungisa, ukuzidibanisa, nokuziqinisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuyatshintsha, umthwalo uyanda, okanye kufuneka zilungiswe.

Inzuzo: Ziyandisa ukulungelelana kunye nobomi benkonzo yesakhiwo.

 

Isishwankathelo：Iingenelo eziphambili zezakhiwo zentsimbi ziquka: amandla aphezulu kunye nobunzima obulula, okuvumela ukuba kubekho ii-span ezinkulu kunye nee-high-up; ukuqina okugqwesileyo kwe-seismic; isantya sokwakha esikhawulezayo kwimizi-mveliso; ukuthembeka okuphezulu kwezinto; kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kwendalo. Ezi nzuzo zizenza zibe lukhetho oluyimfuneko kwizakhiwo zobunjineli zanamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, izakhiwo zentsimbi nazo zineengxaki, ezifana neemfuno zokumelana nomlilo ophezulu kunye nokugqwala, ezifuna amanyathelo afanelekileyo okujongana nazo.