I-API 5CT N80 P110 Q125 J55 I-octg engenamthungo ene-intshi ezingama-24 yentsimbi yombhobho wentsimbi kunye netyhubhu yepetroleum A53 A106 intsimbi yekhabhoni ixabiso lombhobho wetyhubhu
Iinkcukacha zeMveliso
Iipayipi zentsimbi ezifakwe ioyile zihlala zingenamthungo okanye zifakwe intsimbi kwaye ziza ngobukhulu nobude obahlukeneyo ukuze zivumelane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokugrumba. Zenzelwe ukwenza umqobo okhuselayo ojikeleze i-wellbor, ukuqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kwe-wellbor ngexesha lokugrumba, ukugqitywa, kunye nezigaba zemveliso.
Eyona njongo iphambili yemibhobho ye-oyile kukuthintela ukuba i-wellbor ingawi, ukwahlukanisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, nokulawula ukuhamba kweoyile okanye igesi kumphezulu. Le mibhobho ikwabonelela ngenkxaso kwizixhobo zokugrumba kwaye iququzelela ukufakwa kwezinye izinto ezigqityiweyo ezifana nee-casing, iityhubhu, kunye nee-packers.
| Iimveliso | Umbhobho/ityhubhu yentsimbi | ||
| Umgangatho | I-API 5CT PSL1/PSL2 J55,K55,N80-1,N80-Q,L245,L360,X42,X52,X60,X70. API 5CT PSL1/PSL2 L80-1, L80-9Cr,L80-13Cr,C90, C95, P110, Q125 | ||
| Izinto eziphathekayo | ST37/ST45/ST52/25Mn/27SiMn/E355/SAE1026/STKM13C | ||
| Ububanzi obungaphandle | 114.3mm-508mm okanye eyenziwe ngokwezifiso | ||
| Ubukhulu bodonga | 5-16mm okanye eyenziwe ngokwezifiso | ||
| Ubude | 5.8m, 6-12m okanye njengoko kufuneka | ||
| Unyango lomphezulu | Mnyama/Ukuxobula/Ukupolisha/Oomatshini | ||
| Unyango lobushushu | I-Annealed; Icinyiwe; Ithambile | ||
Iimbonakalo
Ukomelela nokuqina: Imibhobho yentsimbi egqunywe ngeoyile yenziwe ngentsimbi esemgangathweni ophezulu, enika ukomelela nokuqina okugqwesileyo. Oku kuvumela ukuba imelane noxinzelelo oluphezulu, iindawo ezinobungozi, kunye nezinye iimeko ezinzima ezidibana nazo kwimisebenzi yokugrumba ioyile negesi.
Ulwakhiwo olungenamthungo okanye oludibeneyo: Iipayipi zentsimbi ezifakwe ioyile ziyafumaneka zombini kwizakhiwo ezingenamthungo kunye nezodibeneyo. Iipayipi ezingenamthungo zenziwa ngaphandle kwemigca yokudityaniswa, nto leyo esusa ubuthathaka obunokubakho. Iipayipi ezidibeneyo zenziwa ngokudibanisa amacandelo entsimbi kusetyenziswa iindlela zokudityaniswa, nto leyo ebonelela ngokhetho olungabizi kakhulu.
Ubungakanani nobude obahlukeneyo: Iipayipi zentsimbi ezithwala ioyile ziza ngobukhulu nobude obahlukeneyo ukuze zilungele iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokumba. Ubungakanani nobude beepayipi bukhethwa ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nobunzulu bequla, iimpawu zokwakheka, kunye neendlela zokumba.
Ukumelana nokugqwala: Imibhobho yentsimbi egqunywe ngeoyile idla ngokugqunywa okanye ipeyintwe ngezinto ezithintela ukugqwala ukuze ikhuseleke kwizinto ezingcolisayo ezidibana nazo ngexesha lokugqwala. Oku kunceda ukwandisa ubomi bemibhobho kunye nokugcina ulwakhiwo lwayo lusemgangathweni.
Ukuveliswa okusemgangathweni: Iipayipi zentsimbi ezifakwe kwi-oyile zenziwe ngokwemigangatho yoshishino kunye neenkcukacha ezifana nemigangatho ye-API (i-American Petroleum Institute). Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iipayipi ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zomgangatho kunye nokusebenza.
Uqhagamshelo olunemisonto okanye oludibeneyo: Imibhobho yentsimbi egqunywe ngeoyile yenziwe ngemisonto okanye oludibeneyo oluvumela ukufakwa nokuqhekeka lula. Olu qhagamshelo lubonelela ngetywina elikhuselekileyo nelingavuziyo, eliqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwe-wellbor.
Ukuhambelana nezinye izinto: Iipayipi zentsimbi ezifakwe kwikhabhathi yeoyile zenzelwe ukuba zihambelane nezinye izinto ezigqityiweyo ezifana neekhabhathi, iityhubhu, kunye neepakethi. Oku kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo nokungenamthungo kwezi zinto, okwenza kube lula ukugrumba imithombo kunye nemisebenzi yokuvelisa.
Isicelo
Iipayipi zentsimbi ezigqunywe ngeoyile zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini leoyile negesi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:
Uzinzo lwe-Wellbore: Imibhobho ye-casing ifakwa ngexesha lomsebenzi wokugrumba ukuze inike ukuqina kwesakhiwo se-wellbore. Isebenza njengenkxaso kwaye ithintela ukudilika kweendonga ze-wellbore, iqinisekisa uzinzo kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yokugrumba.
Ukugcina ulwelo lokugrumba: Imibhobho yekheyiji inceda ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo lokugrumba (njengodaka kunye nesamente) ngexesha lomsebenzi wokugrumba. Zithintela ulwelo ekungeneni okanye ekungcoliseni ukwakheka okanye amachibi ajikelezileyo.
Ukuthintela ukuqhushumba kwemithombo: Imibhobho yebhokisi idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukuqhushumba kwemithombo, okunokuba yingozi kwaye kubize kakhulu. Ibhokisi inika umqobo phakathi kwebhodi yemithombo kunye neendawo ezijikelezileyo, ithintela ukukhutshwa kweoyile, igesi, okanye ulwelo lokugrumba okungalawulekiyo.
Ukuveliswa nokukhutshwa kolwelo: Imibhobho yekheyiji isetyenziselwa ukukhupha ioyile, igesi, kunye nolunye ulwelo kwiidama. Zixhotyiswe ngamacandelo aneembobo okanye avulelekileyo avumela ulwelo ukuba luphume kwidama luye kwi-wellbor.
Ukukhuselwa kokugqwala: Imibhobho yekheyiji yenzelwe ukumelana neendawo ezigqwala ezidibana nemisebenzi yokugqwala ioyile negesi. Igqunywe okanye ipeyintwe ngezinto ezichasene nokugqwala ukukhusela kwimiphumo yokugqwala yolwelo lokugqwala kunye nendawo engqongileyo.
Ukuthintela uxinzelelo: Imibhobho yekheyiji yenzelwe ukumelana neendawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ezidibana nazo ngexesha lokugrumba kunye nemisebenzi yemveliso. Ibonelela ngomqobo nxamnye noxinzelelo oluphezulu olubangelwa lulwelo lwedama, iqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka komthombo.
Ukufaka isamente kunye nokwahlulwa kweendawo: Iipayipi zekheyiji zisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokufaka isamente ukwenza isitywino phakathi kwe-wellbor kunye neendawo ezijikelezileyo, ukuthintela ukufuduka kolwelo phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kunceda ukugcina umgangatho womngxuma kwaye kuthintele ukungcoliswa kolwelo oludibanayo.
Ukugqitywa kwequla: Imibhobho yekheyisi isebenza njengomjelo wezinye izinto ezigqityiweyo, ezinje ngeetyhubhu, iipakethi, kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa. Zinceda ukufakelwa nokusebenza kwezi zinto, zivumela ukugqitywa kwequla ngempumelelo kunye nemisebenzi yokuvelisa.
Inkqubo yeMveliso
Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-oyile casing ibandakanya amanqanaba aliqela. Nantsi ingcaciso ngokubanzi yenkqubo yokuvelisa i-oyile casing:
Ukwenziwa kwentsimbi: Inyathelo lokuqala kukuveliswa kwentsimbi esemgangathweni ophezulu esetyenziselwa ukwenza imibhobho yecasing. Intsimbi iveliswa kwiimililo zentsimbi ngeenkqubo ezifana nokunyibilikisa, ukucokisa, kunye nokuqinisa.
Ukwenziwa kwemibhobho: Kweli nyathelo, intsimbi yenziwa imibhobho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukwenziwa kwemibhobho engenamthungo okanye iindlela zokuwelda ezinde nezijikelezayo. Imibhobho engenamthungo yenziwa ngokugqobhoza i-billet yentsimbi eqinileyo, ngelixa imibhobho edibeneyo yenziwa ngokuhlanganisa imicu yentsimbi kusetyenziswa iindlela zokuwelda.
Unyango lobushushu: Emva kokuba imibhobho yenziwe, idlula kwinkqubo yonyango lobushushu ukuze iphucule iimpawu zayo zoomatshini. Unyango lobushushu lubandakanya ukufudumeza imibhobho kubushushu obuthile uze uyipholise ngokukhawuleza ukuze iphucule amandla ayo, ubulukhuni bayo, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala.
Ukudityaniswa kwemibhobho yekheyisi: Ukudityaniswa kwemibhobho linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwekheyisi yeoyile. Iziphelo zemibhobho yekheyisi zidityaniswa ukuze kuvunyelwe ukunxibelelana phakathi kwazo ngexesha lokwakhiwa komngxuma. Ukudityaniswa kwemibhobho kungenziwa kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokudityaniswa kwemibhobho, kuquka ukudityaniswa kwamagxa ajikelezayo okanye ukudityaniswa kwemisonto enciphileyo.
Ulawulo lomgangatho kunye nokuhlolwa: Iipayipi zekheyiji ziphantsi kolawulo lomgangatho kunye neenkqubo zokuhlolwa ezingqongqo. Oku kubandakanya ukujonga ubukhulu, ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo, uvavanyo lwe-ultrasonic okanye lwe-magnetic particles, kunye nezinye iindlela zokuvavanya ezingonakalisiyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba iipayipi ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezifunekayo kunye nemigangatho yomgangatho.
Ukugquma nokugqiba: Imibhobho yekheyisi idla ngokugquma ukuze ikhuseleke ekungcoleni nasekuphuculeni ixesha layo elide. Izinto zokugquma ezifana ne-epoxy, i-polyethylene, okanye i-zinc zifakwa kumphezulu wangaphandle wemibhobho ngeendlela ezifana ne-hot-dip galvanizing okanye i-coating application. Le nkqubo yokugquma inika ukumelana nokungcola okongezelelweyo kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba imibhobho ikulungele ukufakelwa kwimigodi yeoyile negesi.
Ukupakishwa nokuthunyelwa: Nje ukuba imibhobho idlule kwiinkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho kunye nokugquma, iyapakishwa kwaye ilungiselelwe ukuthunyelwa kubathengi. Imibhobho idla ngokubotshelelwa, ibotshelelwe, kwaye ikhuselwe ukuthintela umonakalo ngexesha lokuthuthwa.
Ukupakishwa kunye nokuthunyelwa
FAQ
1. Singoobani?
Ikomkhulu lethu liseTianjin, eTshayina, kwaye sigxile kushishino lokuthumela ngaphandle intsimbi kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, sinamasebe aseMelika, e-Ecuador, eGuatemala nakwamanye amazwe.
2. Siqinisekisa njani umgangatho?
Kusoloko kukho iisampulu zangaphambi kokuveliswa ngaphambi kokuveliswa ngobuninzi;
Soloko usenza uhlolo lokugqibela phambi kokuba uthunyelwe;
3. Yintoni onokuyithenga kuthi?
Izibiyeli ze-photovoltaic, iinqwaba zeeshiti zentsimbi, intsimbi ye-silicon, imibhobho yentsimbi ethambileyo, iigrating zentsimbi, kunye nezinye izinto zentsimbi ezininzi.
4. Kutheni ufanele uthenge kuthi endaweni yabanye ababoneleli?
Hlanganisa izixhobo eziphezulu zoshishino lwentsimbi lwaseTshayina ukuze unike abathengi iimveliso zentsimbi ezikumgangatho ophezulu
Ixabiso lihle kwaye iimpahla zingaziswa kubathengi ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
5. Zeziphi iinkonzo esinokuzibonelela?
Imigaqo yokuhanjiswa eyamkelweyo: FOB, CFR, CIF, EXW, FCA, DDP, DDU, Express;
Iimali zentlawulo ezamkelweyo: i-USD, i-Euro, i-RMB;
Iindlela zokuhlawula ezamkelweyo: T/T, L/C, Credit Card, Western Union, Cash;
Iilwimi ezithethwayo: isiNgesi, isiTshayina, isiArabhu, isiRashiya, isiKorea














